Xenophanes [texts]
c.570-c.480 (>Sicily, 546)

Arcesilaus of Pitane

316-241 (266)

Carneades of Cyrene

214-129 (150)

Aenesidemus

1st century BCE

Plutarch
46-120

Plotinus
204-270

Boethius
c.480-524

Thales [texts]
c.624-c.546

Empedocles [texts]
c.483-423

Theaetetus
417-369

Polemon
c.351-273 (314)

Philo of Larissa

c.159-c.84 (110)

Iamblichus
c.245-c.325

Hypatia
c.370-415

Anaximander [texts]
c.610-c.546

Leucippus
c.460

Xenocrates
396-314 (339)

Philo of Alexandria
fl. 20 BCE-40 CE

Ptolemy
c.100-170

Diogenes Laertius
fl. 3rd century CE

Anaximenes [texts]
c.588-526

Anaxagoras [texts]
c.499-428

Speusippus
c.407-339 (347)

Heraclitus [texts]
c.544-c.480

Plato
427-347 (385: Academy formed)

Crates
???-266 (270: Acad. head)

Socrates
470-399

Aristotle
384-322 (336: Lyceum)

Aristarchus
c.310-230

Zeno of Elea
c.490-c.430

Theophrastos
372-287 (322)

Parmenides
c.515-450

Euclides of Megara
c.450-c.375

Straton
???-269 (286)

Melissus
5th C.

Aristippus
435-356

Epicurus of Samos
341-277

Lucretius
c.99-c.55 BCE

Antisthenes of Athens
445-365

Pherecydes [texts]
fl. 59th Olympiad (544-41)

Herodotus
c.484-c.425

Diogenes of Sinope
413-323

Pythagoras [texts]
c.581-500 (>Croton, 530)

Philolaus
c.470-c.385

Polyclete
end of 5th C.

Archytas
c.400-365

Pyrrho
360-270

Cicero

106-43

Sextus Empiricus
c.160-210

Alcmaeon
c.520

Hiketas
???

Zeno of Citium
336-265

Panaetius
???-109

Strabo
c.64 BCE-24 CE

Epictetus
c.55-c.135

Isocrates
436-338

Cleanthes
c.331-232

Polybios
c.200-120

Marcus Aurelius
121-180

Callicles
c.450-c.404

Chryssipus
279-206

Posidonius
135-51

Hippias of Elis
c.460-400

Polus
b.440s?

Protagoras of Abdera
c.490-420

Gorgias of Leontini
c.483-375

Antiphon of Rhamnus
c.480-411

Prodicus of Ceos
c.460-399

Thrasymachus
fl. 427